A recent visit to the Kruger National Park got me thinking about how fortunate we are to be living here at the southern tip of the African continent. Sure, we have our fair share of challenges and problems, but a lack of beautiful places to visit is not one of them.
South Africa is world-renowned for its diverse landscapes, incredible wildlife, and rich cultural heritage. At the heart of this natural splendour lies a network of national parks that protect the country’s unique biodiversity while offering unforgettable experiences for locals and tourists alike. From the iconic Kruger National Park to the remote wilderness of Mapungubwe, our 19 (yes, 19!) national parks – which are managed by South African National Parks (SANPark) are a testament to this country’s commitment to conservation.
Addo Elephant National Park
Initially founded in 1931 to protect a mere 11 elephants, Addo Elephant National Park has expanded to 1 640km², becoming South Africa’s third-largest national park. It now offers sanctuary to over 600 elephants and boasts the Big Seven – adding southern right whales and great white sharks to the traditional Big Five. This diverse park extends from the arid Karoo to the marine environment of Algoa Bay, making it one of the most biologically varied parks in the country.
- Location: Eastern Cape
- Size: 1 640km²
- Visitors per year: Around 220 000
- Contact: +27 42 233 8600
Agulhas National Park
Agulhas National Park, established in 1999, covers 210km² at the southernmost tip of Africa, where the Indian and Atlantic Oceans meet. Rich in maritime history, the park features shipwrecks and diverse fynbos vegetation. It is a haven for birdwatchers and a significant botanical hotspot.
- Location: Western Cape
- Size: 210km²
- Visitors per year: 40 000
- Contact: +27 28 435 6078
Augrabies Falls National Park
Established in 1966, Augrabies Falls National Park spans 820km² and is centred around the spectacular Augrabies Falls, where the Orange River plunges 56m into a granite gorge. The park’s history is tied to indigenous Khoi communities and early explorers drawn by its dramatic scenery. Today, it remains a paradise for hikers, nature lovers, and photographers who marvel at the stark landscapes and unique flora and fauna.
- Location: Northern Cape
- Size: 820km²
- Visitors per year: 120 000
- Contact: +27 54 452 9200
Bontebok National Park
One of South Africa’s smallest national parks, Bontebok, was established in 1931 to protect the bontebok antelope. Covering just 28km², it offers peaceful scenery along the Breede River, with hiking trails and opportunities for birdwatching and swimming.
- Location: Western Cape
- Size: 28km²
- Visitors per year: 45 000
- Contact: +27 28 514 2735
Camdeboo National Park
Proclaimed in 2005, Camdeboo National Park surrounds the historic town of Graaff-Reinet and spans 194km². The park is best known for the Valley of Desolation, where dolerite columns tower above the plains. Rich in history and geological significance, Camdeboo offers hiking trails, game viewing, and cultural experiences.
- Location: Eastern Cape
- Size: 194km²
- Visitors per year: 35 000
- Contact: +27 49 892 3453
Garden Route National Park
Garden Route National Park was officially established in 2009, combining three former parks: Tsitsikamma, Wilderness, and Knysna. This diverse park covers 1 210km² and features dramatic coastlines, lush indigenous forests, and pristine lakes. Adventure seekers can explore the famous Otter Trail, go kayaking in the Storms River, or take scenic drives through the park. The region has a long history of human settlement, with evidence of early hunter-gatherers and later timber traders who relied on the forests.
- Location: Western Cape and Eastern Cape
- Size: 1 210km²
- Visitors per year: 250 000
- Contact: +27 44 302 5600
Golden Gate Highlands National Park
Named after the golden-hued sandstone cliffs that catch the sunlight, Golden Gate Highlands National Park was established in 1963 and spans 340km². Nestled in the foothills of the Maluti Mountains, the park offers breathtaking scenery, hiking trails, and rich cultural heritage with evidence of early human habitation. The park is also home to the rare Bearded Vulture and Bald Ibis.
- Location: Free State
- Size: 340km²
- Visitors per year: 250 000
- Contact: +27 58 255 1000
Karoo National Park
Established in 1979, Karoo National Park spans 750km² and is a haven for those seeking solitude amidst the semi-desert landscape. The park plays a critical role in protecting the unique ecosystem of the Great Karoo, home to endangered black rhinos and elusive riverine rabbits. Its fossil-rich terrain tells stories of ancient life, while the stark beauty of its mountains and plains captivates visitors.
- Location: Western Cape
- Size: 750km²
- Visitors per year: 85 000
- Contact: +27 23 415 2828
Kgalagadi Transfrontier Park
The Kgalagadi Transfrontier Park, spanning an impressive 38 000km², holds the title of the largest national park in South Africa. Established in 2000 as Africa’s first transfrontier park, it symbolises cross-border conservation between South Africa and Botswana. The park is famed for its striking red sand dunes, sparse vegetation, and the iconic black-maned Kalahari lions. Bird lovers are drawn by the diverse raptor species, while game drives reveal oryx, springbok, and meerkats in their natural habitat.
- Location: Northern Cape and Botswana border
- Size: 38 000km²
- Visitors per year: 45 000
- Contact: +27 54 561 2000
Kruger National Park
Kruger National Park, established in 1926, is South Africa’s most iconic and second-largest park. Covering 19 485km², it is steeped in history, serving as a cornerstone for wildlife conservation in the country. Visitors flock here for the chance to see the Big Five – lion, leopard, rhino, elephant, and buffalo – along with a vast array of birds and reptiles. The park’s cultural heritage is just as rich, with archaeological sites such as Masorini and Thulamela adding historical depth to the wilderness experience.
- Location: Limpopo and Mpumalanga provinces
- Size: 19 485km²
- Visitors per year: Over 1.5 million
- Contact: +27 13 735 4000
Mapungubwe National Park
Declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2003, Mapungubwe National Park spans 280km² and preserves the remains of the ancient Kingdom of Mapungubwe, Southern Africa’s first major empire. The park’s cultural significance is highlighted by key archaeological finds such as royal graves, gold artefacts, and ancient trading items that tell stories of early civilisation and trade routes. Visitors can explore these through guided heritage tours that delve into the park’s rich history. The sandstone formations, baobab trees, and diverse wildlife provide a scenic backdrop for activities like guided night drives, birdwatching, and 4×4 eco-trails.
- Location: Limpopo
- Size: 280km²
- Visitors per year: 35 000
- Contact: +27 15 534 2014
Marakele National Park
Established in 1994, Marakele National Park spans 670km² in the Waterberg Biosphere. It bridges the dry western and wetter eastern regions of South Africa, creating diverse habitats for species like the Big Five and one of the largest colonies of endangered Cape Vultures. The park’s rugged mountain terrain and lush valleys make it a scenic escape for nature lovers.
- Location: Limpopo
- Size: 670km²
- Visitors per year: 50 000
- Contact: +27 14 777 6928
Mokala National Park
South Africa’s newest national park, Mokala, was proclaimed in 2007 and covers 260km². Located near Kimberley, it protects endangered species such as roan antelope and black rhino. Mokala’s name means “camelthorn tree” in Setswana, a reference to the trees dominating its landscape. The park’s peaceful atmosphere and conservation efforts make it a hidden gem.
- Location: Northern Cape
- Size: 260 km²
- Visitors per year: 30 000
- Contact: +27 53 204 8000
Mountain Zebra National Park
Founded in 1937 to protect the endangered Cape mountain zebra, Mountain Zebra National Park covers 284km². The population has since recovered, and the park is now home to cheetahs, buffaloes, and black rhinos. Its scenic landscapes of grassy plains and rugged mountains are ideal for game drives and hiking.
- Location: Eastern Cape
- Size: 284km²
- Visitors per year: 70 000
- Contact: +27 48 881 2427
Namaqua National Park
Established in 2002, Namaqua National Park spans 700km² and is renowned for its spectacular spring wildflower displays. This arid region transforms into a vibrant carpet of blooms, attracting visitors from around the world. The park also conserves a wealth of succulent plants and diverse animal life adapted to the harsh climate.
- Location: Northern Cape
- Size: 700km²
- Visitors per year: 55 000
- Contact: +27 27 672 1948
Richtersveld Transfrontier Park
Proclaimed in 2003, Richtersveld Transfrontier Park covers 6 045km² of rugged mountains and desert landscapes along the border with Namibia. It represents a unique partnership between SANParks and the local Nama communities. This cultural connection is as significant as the park’s biodiversity, with the harsh desert terrain supporting rare succulents and endemic plant species. The Richtersveld’s dramatic scenery and peaceful isolation attract visitors seeking adventure and cultural insights.
- Location: Northern Cape
- Size: 6 045km²
- Visitors per year: 10 000
- Contact: +27 27 831 1506
Table Mountain National Park
Table Mountain National Park, proclaimed in 1998, covers 221km² along the Cape Peninsula. It is famous for the iconic Table Mountain, a New7Wonder of Nature, and offers diverse attractions, from hiking trails to pristine beaches and rich biodiversity, including the unique fynbos biome. The park also includes Cape Point and Boulders Beach, home to a thriving colony of African penguins.
- Location: Western Cape
- Size: 221km²
- Visitors per year: Over 4 million
- Contact: +27 21 422 1601
Tankwa Karoo National Park
Located in one of South Africa’s most arid and remote regions, Tankwa Karoo National Park was proclaimed in 1986 to protect the unique Succulent Karoo biome. The landscape is characterised by vast, open plains, rugged mountains, and dramatic sunsets. While the park may lack the traditional Big Five, it offers a unique wilderness experience, rich birdlife, and breathtaking night skies perfect for stargazing.
- Location: Northern Cape
- Size: 1 436km²
- Visitors per year: 10 000
- Contact: +27 27 341 1927
West Coast National Park
Founded in 1985, West Coast National Park covers 362km² along the Atlantic coastline. The park protects the Langebaan Lagoon and is a haven for birdlife, especially during the spring flower season. Visitors can explore its hiking trails, enjoy water sports, and spot wildlife like eland and tortoises.
- Location: Western Cape
- Size: 362km²
- Visitors per year: 250 000
- Contact: +27 22 772 2144
About SANParks
South African National Parks (SANParks) was established in 1926, the same year as Kruger National Park, to manage and protect the country’s national parks. Today, SANParks oversees more than 4 million hectares of protected land, playing a crucial role in conserving South Africa’s natural heritage. The organisation is dedicated to responsible tourism, community involvement, and biodiversity protection. Through sustainable practices and innovative conservation programmes, SANParks ensures that these natural wonders remain for future generations to enjoy.
For more information, visit www.sanparks.org or contact the SANParks head office at +27 12 428 9111.
